Major river flowing from the far north to the Bay of Belfalas. The Anduin passes between Mirkwood and the Misty Mountains, and past Fangorn Forest (the Entwash is one of its tributaries), Rohan, and Ithilien.

A river flowing south/south-west toward the Sea, the Baranduin passes through the Shire and separates Buckland from the East Farthing. The original Hobbitish name for this river was Branda-nin, meaning "border water", which eventually became Bralda-him, "heady ale", translated as Brandywine.

An oval-shaped lake east of Mirkwood near Erebor. Location of Esgaroth.

Marshes between Bree and Weathertop, infested with midges and other insects.

Marshes east of the Emyn Muil, engulfing the graves of the Elves and Men slain in the Battle of Dagorlad. These graves became the Mere of Dead Faces, a dark pool within the marshes where the faces of the dead and lit candles could be seen beneath the surface of the water, but could not be reached.

The eastern remnant of a great forest once covering much of Middle Earth west of the Misty Mountains, Fangorn Forest is located east of the southern tip of the Misty Mountains. Home to the Ents, Fangorn Forest was named after Fangorn the Ent, who was guardian of the forest. The forest is bounded on the west by the Misty Mountains, on the south and east by Rohan, and to the north can be seen the woods of Lorien. The Rohirrim refer to the forest as the Entwood.

A woodland realm of mallorn trees, ruled by Galadriel and Celeborn and home to the Galadrim. The name means 'Dreamflower' in Sindarin, although it was originally called Laurelindorinan ('Land of the Valley of Singing Gold' in Quenya).

Originally named Greenwood the Great, Mirkwood was renamed when Sauron built Dol Guldur there in the Third Age. As Sauron's power grew, black squirrels, Orcs, and great spiders spread through the forest. The Elves of the Woodland Realm remained in northern Mirkwood, and after the War of the Ring, the woods were cleansed and renamed Eryn Lasgalen.

Forest north of the Shire between Buckland and the Barrow-downs and a remnant of the same great forest as Fangorn. The trees of the Old Forest, such as Old Man Willow, were malevolent and mobile, and were likely as old as those of Fangorn. At one time during the Third Age, the trees of the Forest attacked Buckland, but they were driven off when the Hobbits set a fire in the area later known as the Bonfire Glade. Tom Bombadil lived on the eastern borders of the Forest and had great power over all of the Forest's inhabitants.

Caradhras was the Elvish name for Barazinbar, one of the mountains of Moria and home of the world's only mithril-vein. In Westron, it was called Redhorn because of its sheer, dull-red sides. The Redhorn Pass, on the southern side of Caradhras, was one of the most important passes over the Misty Mountains. Caradhras was well-known for its bad weather.